Instruction Manual for the DQL-11 Geological Compass

Release Date:

2021-08-03

DQL-11 Instruction Manual for the Geological Compass

Product Implementation Standard: Q/HGYO6-2020

I. Uses

The DQL-11 geological compass is an improved version of our factory’s DQY-1 geological compass. It is primarily used for measuring magnetic azimuth and dip angle in coal mines and non-ferrous metal mines, and can also be employed by geologists for certain types of measurements.

II. Characteristics

The instrument features a simple structure, convenient operation, reliable accuracy, flexible magnetic needle rotation, and well-matched moving parts. It is compact and lightweight, making it easy to carry.

III. Basic Parameters

1. Reading error

The angular error between the readings before and after the magnetic needle rotates shall not exceed 0.5°.

b. The error caused by eccentricity of the magnetic needle at 0°–180° and 90°–270° shall not exceed 0.5°;

The reading error of the protractor shall not exceed 0.5°.

2. Level vial sensitivity

The long level is 15′ ± 5′ per 2 mm.

The circular level is 30′±5′/2 mm.

3. The instrument’s external dimensions (length × width × height) are 77 × 70 × 31 mm.

4. The instrument weighs 0.22 kg.

IV. Structure

1. Upper hook 2. Upper cover 3. Reflective mirror 4. Hinge 5. Magnetic needle 6. Long spirit level 7. Indicator dial

8. Steering wheel 9. Lower housing 10. Lower hook 11. Scale ring 12. Circular level 13. Lever 14. Switch

V. Instructions for Use

1. Measure magnetic azimuth

Hang the instrument’s two hooks on the surveying rope, align the compass’s zero end with the direction of travel, and once the magnetic needle has come to rest, read the value indicated by the north pole of the needle.

2. Measurement of Rock Layer Attitude

(1) Measuring the strike of rock layers

Open the instrument’s top cover and swing it until it lies in the same plane as the lower housing, ensuring that the long edge of the compass is tightly aligned with the surface. Then lay the compass flat and center the bubble in the circular level. Once the magnetic needle has stabilized, the azimuth indicated by the north pole of the needle (with the end wrapped in copper wire serving as the south pole) represents the strike of the rock layer.

(2) Measuring the dip of rock layers

Open the instrument’s upper cover to a position approximately perpendicular to the lower housing, then press the vertical upper cover firmly against the rock layer surface. Adjust the instrument so that the bubble in the circular level is centered. Once the magnetic needle has stabilized, the azimuth indicated by the north end of the needle represents the dip direction of the rock layer.

(3) Measuring the dip angle of rock layers

Open the instrument’s top cover and tilt it until it lies in the same plane as the lower housing. Place the longer side of the lower housing—on which the semicircular scale is engraved—perpendicularly to the rock surface, aligned with the dip direction of the strata. Then turn the handwheel to center the bubble in the long level vial; the reading indicated by the vernier dial is the dip angle of the strata.

The aforementioned methods can be used simultaneously for measuring the attitudes of fault planes and fracture surfaces.

3. Measuring the slope angle of a ramp

Open the instrument’s top cover and set it on its side. Align the lower housing sight (lower hook) with the transparent aperture in the top cover, aiming at a point ahead that is level with your line of sight. Then operate the handle to center the bubble in the long spirit level (as viewed through the reflecting mirror). The reading indicated by the vernier scale is the slope angle of the incline.

4. For calibration

Open the top cover rearward and flatten it. Adjust the indicator so that its scale line points to 90°, and center the bubble in the long spirit level; this will align the scale lines on both sides of the instrument and on the reflecting mirror into a vertical line, allowing for vertical angle calibration. When the indicator scale line points to 0°, center the bubble in the long spirit level; this will align the scale lines on both sides of the instrument case and on the reflecting mirror into a horizontal line, enabling horizontal calibration.

VI. Precautions

1. The jewel bearing and the agate bearing are the instrument’s most critical components and must be carefully protected and kept clean to ensure the magnetic needle remains highly sensitive. When the instrument is not in use, it should be securely closed. Once closed, the switch and lever mechanism automatically lift the magnetic needle, disengaging the jewel bearing from the agate bearing to prevent wear on the jewel bearing.

2. The engraved lines on the reflector are factory-aligned with the tips of the two hooks to ensure they lie on the same straight line. Do not remove the reflector during use unless absolutely necessary, as this may compromise its accuracy.

3. The pivoting parts of the hinge should be regularly lubricated with watch oil to prevent dry friction and breakage.

4. When suspending the instrument in an inclined tunnel to measure the magnetic azimuth, the top cover can be tilted to adjust the level of the compass dial.

5. Store the instrument in a dry, cool environment and keep it away from strong magnetic fields to prevent demagnetization.

Magnetic Declination in Major and Medium-Sized Cities of China (2018) year)
Serial Number	Region	Magnetic Declination D
1	Beijing	6°52 ʹ	(W)
2	Shanghai	5°57 ʹ	(W)
3	Tianjin	6°55 ʹ	(W)
4	Chongqing	2°27 ʹ	(W)
5	Anshan	8°49 ʹ	(W)
6	Baotou	4°51 ʹ	(W)
7	Changchun	10°1 ʹ	(W)
8	Changsha	3°38 ʹ	(W)
9	Chengdu	2°2 ʹ	(W)
10	Dalian	7°58 ʹ	(W)
11	Fangchenggang	1°53 ʹ	(W)
12	Fushun	9°12 ʹ	(W)
13	Fuzhou	4°24 ʹ	(W)
14	Guangzhou	2°50 ʹ	(W)
15	Guiyang	2°10 ʹ	(W)
16	Hangzhou	5 degrees 30 ʹ	(W)
17	Harbin	10°45 ʹ	(W)
18	Hefei	5°18 ʹ	(W)
19	Hohhot	5°31 ʹ	(W)
20	Jilin City	10°11 ʹ	(W)
21	Jinan	6°17 ʹ	(W)
22	Urumqi	2°52 ʹ	(E)
23	Lhasa	0°8 ʹ	(E)
24	Kashgar	3°59 ʹ	(E)
25	Kunming	1°23 ʹ	(W)
26	Lanzhou	2°19 ʹ	(W)
27	Luoyang	4°39 ʹ	(W)
28	Nanchang	4°21 ʹ	(W)
29	Nanjing	5°39 ʹ	(W)
30	Qingdao	6°59 ʹ	(W)
31	Qiqihar	10°45 ʹ	(W)
32	Shenyang	9°5 ʹ	(W)
33	Shijiazhuang	5°56 ʹ	(W)
34	Taiyuan	5°17 ʹ	(W)
35	Tangshan	7°18 ʹ	(W)
36	Wuhan	4°22 ʹ	(W)
37	Xi'an	3°37 ʹ	(W)
38	Xining	1°49 ʹ	(W)
39	Yinchuan	3°20 ʹ	(W)
40	Zhengzhou	5°0 ʹ	(W)
41	Kowloon, Hong Kong	2°52 ʹ	(W)
42	Victoria Harbour, Hong Kong	2°50 ʹ	(W)
43	Macao	2°44 ʹ	(W)